Top 30 DevOps Interview Questions & Answers (2022 Update)

1) Explain what DevOps is?
It is a newly emerging term in the IT field, which is nothing but a practice that emphasizes the collaboration and communication of both software developers and deployment(operations) team. It focuses on delivering software product faster and lowering the failure rate of releases.

2) Mention what the key aspects or principle behind DevOps are?
The key aspects or principle behind DevOps is
Infrastructure as code
Continuous deployment
Automation
Monitoring
Security

3) What are the core operations of DevOps with application development and with infrastructure?
The core operations of DevOps are
Application development
Code building
Code coverage
Unit testing
Packaging
Deployment
Infrastructure
Provisioning
Configuration
Orchestration
Deployment

4) Explain how “Infrastructure code” is processed or executed in AWS?
In AWS,
The code for infrastructure will be in simple JSON format
This JSON code will be organized into files called templates
This templates can be deployed on AWS devops and then managed as stacks
Later the CloudFormation service will do the Creating, deleting, updating, etc. operation in the stack

5) Explain which scripting language is most important for a DevOps engineer?
A simpler scripting language will be better for a DevOps engineer. Python seems to be very popular.

6) Explain how DevOps is helpful to developers?
DevOps can be helpful to developers to fix the bug and implement new features quickly. It also helps for clearer communication between the team members.

7) List out some popular tools for DevOps?
Some of the popular tools for DevOps are
Jenkins
Nagios
Monit
ELK
(Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)
Jenkins
Docker
Ansible
Git

8) Mention at what instance have you used the SSH?
I have used SSH to log into a remote machine and work on the command line. Beside this, I have also used it to tunnel into the system in order to facilitate secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network.

9) Explain how you would handle revision (version) control?
My approach to handling revision control would be to post the code on SourceForge or GitHub so everyone can view it. Also, I will post the checklist from the last revision to make sure that any unsolved issues are resolved.

10) What are the types of Http requests?
The types of Http requests are
GET
HEAD
PUT
POST
PATCH
DELETE
TRACE
CONNECT
OPTIONS

11) Explain what you would check If a Linux-build-server suddenly starts getting slow?
If a Linux-build-server suddenly starts getting slow, you will check for the following three things
Application Level troubleshooting
RAM related issues, Disk I/O read-write issues, Disk Space related Issues, etc.
System Level troubleshooting
Check for Application log file OR application server log file, system performance issues, Web Server Log — check HTTP, tomcat lo, jboss, or WebLogic logs to see if the application server response/receive time is the issues for slowness, Memory Leak of any application
Dependent Services troubleshooting
Antivirus related issues, Firewall related issues, Network issues, SMTP server response time issues, etc.

12) What are the key components of DevOps?
The most important components of DevOps are:
Continuous Integration
Continuous Testing
Continuous Delivery
Continuous Monitoring

13) Name a few cloud platform which are used for DevOps Implementation
Popular Cloud computing platform used for DevOps implementation are:
Google Cloud
Amazon Web Services
Microsoft Azure

14) Give some benefits of using Version Control system
The version Control system allows team members to work freely on any file at any time.
All the past versions and variants are closely packed up inside the VCS.
A distributed VCS like helps you to store the complete history of the project so in case of a breakdown in the central server you can use your team member’s local Git repository.
Allows you to see what exact changes are made in the file’s content

15) Explain Git Bisect
Git bisect helps you to find the commit which introduced a bug using binary search.

16) What is the build?
A build is a method in which the source code is put together to check whether it works as a single unit. In the build creation process, the source code will undergo compilation, inspection, testing, and deployment.

17) What is Puppet?
Puppet is a useful project management tool. It helps you to automate administration tasks.

18) Explain two-factor authentication
Two-factor authentication is a security method in which the user provides two ways of identification from separate categories.

19) Explain the term ‘Canary Release’.
A canary release is a pattern which reduces the risk of introducing a new version software into the production environment. It is done by making it available in a controlled manner to a subset of the user. Before making it available to the complete user set.

20) What types of testing is important to ensure that new service is ready for production?
You need to conduct continuous testing to ensure that the new service is ready for production.

21) What is Vagrant?
A vagrant is a tool which can create and manage virtualized environments for testing and developing software.

22) What is the use of PTR in DNS?
Pointer record which is also known as (PTR) is used for reverse DNS lookup.

23) What is Chef?
It is a powerful automation platform which transforms infrastructure into code. In this tool, you can use write scripts that are used to automate processes.

24) What are the prerequisites for the implementation of DevOps?
Following are the useful prerequisites for DevOps Implementation:
At least one Version Control Software
Proper communication between the team members
Automated testing
Automated deployment

25) Name some best practices which should be followed for DevOps success.
Here, are essential best practices for DevOps implementation:
The speed of delivery means time taken for any task to get them into the production environment.
Track how many defects are found in the various
It’s important to measure the actual or the average time that it takes to recover in case of a failure in the production environment.
The number of bugs being reported by the customer also impact the quality of the application.

26) Explain SubGIt tool
SubGit helps you to migrate SVN to Git. It also allows you to build a writable Git mirror of a local or remote Subversion repository.

27) Name some important network monitoring tools
Some most prominent network monitoring tools are:
Splunk
Icinga 2
Wireshark
Nagios
OpenNMS

28) Whether your video card can run Unity how would you know?
When you use a command
/usr/lib/Linux/unity_support_test-p
it will give detailed output about Unity’s requirements, and if they are met, then your video card can run unity.

29) Explain how to enable startup sound in Ubuntu?
To enable startup sound
Click control gear and then click on Startup Applications
In the Startup Application Preferences window, click Add to add an entry
Then fill the information in comment boxes like Name, Command, and Comment
/usr/bin/canberra-gtk-play—id= "desktop-login"—description= "play login sound"
Logout and then login once you are done
You can also open it with shortcut key Ctrl+Alt+T.

30) What is the quickest way to open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory?
To open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory, you can use a custom keyboard shortcut.
To do that, in the command field of a new custom keyboard, type genome — terminal — — working — directory = /path/to/dir.