Selenium Interview Questions and Answers

Selenium Interview Question and Answers

Selenium Interview Question and Answers

1) What are the WebDriver-supported Mobile Testing Drivers?

WebDriver supported "mobile testing drivers" are:

AndroidDriver
IphoneDriver
OperaMobileDriver

 

2) What are the popular programming languages supported by Selenium WebDriver to write Test Cases?

Selenium WebDriver supports the below languages to write Test Cases.

JAVA
PHP
Python
C#
Ruby
Perl

 

3) What's the difference between keyboard shortcuts and keyboard commands?

In most circumstances, TypeKeys() will produce a JavaScript event, whereas.type() would not.

 

4) What's the difference between the commands "type" and "type and wait"?

The "type" command is used to enter keyboard key values into a software web application's text box. It can also be used to choose values from a combo box, whereas the "type and wait" command is used when you finish typing and the software web page begins to reload. This command will wait for the page of the software program to reload before proceeding. You must use a basic "type" command if there is no page reload event when typing.

 

5) How do you distinguish between findElement() and find element()?

findElement(): Using the provided "locating technique," is used to locate the first element on the current page. It gives you a single WebElement as a result.

find elements() searches the current page for all elements using the supplied "locating mechanism." It gives you a list of web elements as a result.

 

6) What are you waiting for? In selenium, how many different sorts of delays are there?

For AJAX-based applications, Selenium Webdriver introduces the concept of waits. There are two kinds of waiting times:

Waiting Time Implicit Waiting Time Explicit Waiting Time Implicit Waiting Time Exp

 

7) What is the most significant drawback of implicit waiting?

The implicit wait has the main disadvantage of slowing down test performance.

Another drawback of implicit waiting is that:

Assume you've established a waiting time limit of ten Seconds. Because you ordered it to wait a maximum of 10 seconds, and the elements are shown in the DOM in 11 seconds, your tests will fail.

 

8) What is Selenium Grid, and how does it work?

Selenium Grid enables you to deploy your tests across numerous machines at the same time. As a result, the same text script may be used to run tests on both a Windows and a Mac machine. It cuts down on test execution time and gives immediate feedback.

 

9) What are the advantages of automating the testing process?

The following are some of the advantages of automation testing.

It enables the execution of many test scenarios.
It allows for parallel processing.
Unattended execution is encouraged by automation testing.
It improves precision. As a result, it reduces human-caused errors.
It helps you save both time and money.

 

10) What is the best way to acquire the text of a web element?

The get command is used to retrieve the inner text of a web element. The get command takes no parameters and returns a string type value. It's also one of the most commonly used commands for checking messages, labels, and errors, among other things, from web pages.

 

11) How to select a value in a dropdown?

We use the WebDriver's Select class to select the value in the dropdown.

Syntax:

selectByValue:

 
  1. Select selectByValue = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("SelectID_One")));  
  2. selectByValue.selectByValue("green value");  

selectByVisibleText:

 
  1. Select selectByVisibleText = new Select (driver.findElement(By.id("SelectID_Two")));  
  2. selectByVisibleText.selectByVisibleText("Lime");  
  1. Select select index = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("SelectID_Three")));  
  2. selectByIndex.select index(2);  

 

12) What are the different types of navigation commands?

The navigation commands are as follows.

navigate().back()

The above command needs no parameters and takes back the user to the previous webpage.

Example

driver.navigate().back();
navigate().forward()

The above command allows the user to navigate to the next web page concerning the browser's history.

Example

driver.navigate().forward();
navigate().refresh()

The navigate().refresh() command allows the user to refresh the current web page by reloading all the web elements.

Example

driver.navigate().refresh();
navigate().to()

The navigate().to() command allows the user to launch a new web browser window and navigate to the specified URL.

Example

driver.navigate().to("https://google.com");

 

13) How to deal with frames in WebDriver?

An inline frame abbreviates as an iframe. It is used to insert another document within the current document. These documents can be HTML documents or simply web pages and nested web pages.

Select iframe by id

driver.switch().frame("ID of the frame");
Locating iframe using tagName

driver.switch().frame(driver.find elements(By.tagName("iframe").get(0));
Locating iframe using index

frame(index)

driver.switch().frame(0);
the the the the the the the the the frame (Name of Frame)

driver.switch().frame("name of the frame");
frame(WebElement element)

Select Parent Window

driver.switch().defaultContent();

 

14) Is there an HtmlUnitDriver for .NET?

To use HtmlUnit first use the RemoteWebDriver and pass it in the desired capabilities

IWebDriver driver

= new RemoteWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities.HtmlUnit())

For the Firefox implementation to run, use

IWebDriver driver

= new RemoteWebDriver(DesiredCapabilities.HtmlUnitWithJavaScript())

 

15) How can you redirect browsing from a browser through some proxy?

Selenium facilitates a PROXY class to redirect browsing from a proxy. Look at the example below.

Example

String PROXY = "199.201.125.147:8080";

org.open a.selenium.Proxy proxy = new.org.openqa.selenium.Proxy();

proxy.set HTTP proxy(Proxy)

.setFtpProxy(Proxy)

.setSslProxy(Proxy)

DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();

cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(cap);

 

16) What is POM (Page Object Model) and how does it work? What are the benefits?

The Page Object Model is a design approach for storing web UI elements in an object directory. Each web page must have its page class. The page class is in charge of locating WebElements in web pages and performing operations on them.

The following are some of the advantages of adopting POM.
It enhances code readability by separating actions and flows in the UI from Verification.
Because the Object Repository is independent of Test Cases, it can be used for several tests.
Coding reusability

 

17) How to capture screenshots in WebDriver?

Below is the program to capture screenshots in WebDriver.

import org. JUnit.After;
import org. JUnit.Before;
import org. JUnit.Test;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.open a.selenium.OutputType;
import org.open a.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.open a.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.open a.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class TakeScreenshot {
WebDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
drv.get("https://google.com");
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
drv.quit();
}

@Test
public void test() throws IOException {
//capture the screenshot
File scrFile = ((TakeScreenshot)drv).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
// paste the screenshot to the desired location
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("C:\\Screenshot\\Scr.jpg"))
}
}

 

18) How to type text in a textbox using Selenium?

The sendKeys("String to be entered") is used to enter the string in a textbox.

Syntax

WebElement username = drv.findElement(By.id("Email"));
// entering username
username.sendKeys("sth");

 

19) How can you find if an element is displayed on the screen?

WebDriver allows users to check the visibility of the web elements. These web elements can be buttons, radio buttons, drop, checkboxes, boxes, labels, etc. which are used with the following methods.

is displayed()
isSelected()
isEnabled()
Syntax:

is displayed():
boolean buttonPresence = driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfba")).isDisplayed();
isSelected():
boolean buttonSelected = driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfba")).isSelected();
isEnabled():
boolean searchIconEnabled = driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfb")).isEnabled();

 

20) How to click on a hyperlink using link text?

driver.findElement(By.linkText("Google")).click();
The above command searches the element using a link text, then click on that element, and thus the user will be redirected to the corresponding page.

The following command can access the link mentioned earlier.

driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Goo")).click();

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TCL Scripting Interview Questions

TCL Scrypting Interview Questions

TCL Scrypting Interview Questions

1. What is Tcl and how does it work?

Tcl (Tool Command Language) is a dynamic programming language that is both powerful and simple to learn. It is ideal for a wide range of applications, including online and desktop applications, networking, administration, testing, and many more. Tcl is an open source and business-friendly language that is multi-platform (Windows, all variants of Linux, and Macintosh), easy to deploy, and extremely flexible.

 

2: What Is Tcl and How Does It Work?

Tcl treats the Argument as a file and attempts to read it. TCL saves the file to memory and reads it line by line, attempting to validate and compile it. The output is provided by TCL, and the memory is released.

 

3. How To Increment Each Element In A List? Eg: Incrlist {1 2 3} =>2 3 4?

// it works like incrlist 5 6 7 =>> 6 7 8

proc incrlist args {

set s 0

for each s $args {

incr s 1

puts $s

}

}

//for list

proc incrlist list {

set s 0

for each s $list {

incr s 1

puts $s

}

}

 

4. How To Run A Package In Tcl?

source (or) package required

 

5. How Increment A Character? For Example, I Give A And I Should Get B?

L set character “a”

set incremented_char [format %c [expr {[scan $character %c]+1}]] puts “Character before incrementing ‘$character’ : After incrementing ‘$incremented_char'”.

 

6. How To Extract “information” From “ccccccccaaabbbbaaaabbinformationabcaaaaaabbbbbbbccbb” In Tcl Using A Single Command?

% set
a “ccccccccaaabbbbaaaabbinformationabcaaaaaabbbbbbbccbb”

ccccccccaaabbbbaaaabbinformationabcaaaaaabbbbbbbccbb

% set b [string trimleft $a “abc”]

informationabcaaaaaabbbbbbbccbb

% set c [string trim right $b “ABC”]

information

(OR)

% set output [string trim right [string trim left

$ a “ABC”] “ABC”]

information

%

 

7. How To Swap 30 & 40 In Ip Address 192.30.40.1 Using Tcl Script?

There are three solutions:

set a 192.30.40.1

set b [ string range $a 3 4 ]

set c [ string range $a 6 7 ]

set d [ string replace $a 3 4 $c ]

set e [ string replace $d 6 7 $b]

puts $e

(OR)

set a 192.30.40.1

set b [ split $a .]

set u [lindex $b 0]

set v [lindex $b 3]

set x [lindex $b 1]

set y [lindex $b 2]

set z [join “$u $y $x $v” .]

puts $z

(OR)

set IP 192.30.40.1

regexp {([0-9]+.)([0-9]+.)([0-9]+.)([0-9]+)} $ip match 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

append new_ip $1st $3rd $2nd $4th

puts $new_ip

 

8. How Do You Find The Length Of A String Without Using String Length Command In Tcl?

set str “lenghtofthisstring”

set len 0

set list1 [ split $str “” ]

for each value $list1 {

incr len

}

puts $len

 

9. How To Check Whether A String Is Palindrome Or Not Using Tcl Script?

Code for the above pseudo-code. Check if it works!!!!!

gets stdin a

set len [ string length $a ]

set n [ expr $len/2 ]

for { set i 0 } { $i < $n } { incr i 1 } {

set b [ string index $a $i ]

set c [ expr $len – 1 – $i ]

set d [ string index $a $c ]

if {$b != $d} {

puts “not a palindrome”

exit

}

}

puts “Palindrome”

 

10. Set IP Address As 10.30.20.1 Write A Script To Replace The 30 With 40?

here you can do this in multiple ways:

regsub 30 $data 40 a puts $a this will give you the replaced string.

string replace $data 3 4 40 this also will give you the replacement.

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Google Cloud Interview Questions

Google Cloud Interview Questions

Google Cloud Interview Questions

1) What is Google Cloud Platform, and how does it work?

Google Cloud Platform is a Google-managed cloud-based platform. Virtual machines, computing, networking, storage, big data, database and management services, machine learning, and much more are all included in one package. All of these services are powered by the same Google infrastructure that powers Google's consumer products like Google Search, Gmail, and YouTube.

2) Make a list of the advantages of adopting Google's cloud platform.

Because of the advantages it offers over competing cloud platforms, Google Cloud Platform is growing in popularity among cloud experts and users:

GCP offers cost-effective pricing.

Information may be accessed from anywhere thanks to Google Cloud servers.

GCP provides greater performance and services than most other cloud hosting options.

Google Cloud satisfies.

 

3)Make a list of the most important aspects of cloud services.

The Cloud Service and Cloud Computing as a whole provide a wide range of benefits, notably the simplicity with which commercial software may be accessed and managed from anywhere in the globe.

All software administration may be easily centralized into a single online service.

Designing and creating online apps that can simultaneously serve many clients from across the world.

Streamlining and automating the software upgrading process to eliminate software upgrade downloads.

 

4) What are the various levels that makeup cloud architecture?

The cloud architecture has several levels, including:

 

Network, physical servers, and other features are included in the Physical Layer.

Infrastructure layer: This layer includes virtualized storage levels, among other things.

Application, operating system, and other features are covered by the platform layer.

It is the layer of the application.

 

5) What libraries and tools are available on Google Cloud Platform for cloud storage?

On the Google Cloud Platform, JSON and XML APIs are essential for cloud storage. Google also provides the following tools for interfacing with cloud storage.

 

To perform basic actions on buckets and objects, use the Google Cloud Platform Console.

Cloud Storage Client Libraries is a set of libraries that allows you to program in several languages.

Gustin Command-line Tool includes a CLI for cloud storage support.

There are additional third-party utilities available, such as the Boto Library.

 

6) What is a Google Cloud API, and how does it work? How would we be able to get our hands on it?

Google Cloud APIs are programmatic interfaces that allow users to add power to anything from storage to machine-learning-based image analytics to Google Search.

Applications that are hosted in the cloud.

Client libraries and server programs may easily use cloud APIs. The Google Cloud API is accessible through several programming languages. Firebase SDKs or third-party clients can be utilized to create mobile applications. The Google SDK command-line tools or the Google Cloud Platform Console Web UI can be used to access Google Cloud APIs.

 

7) What is Google Cloud SDK, and how does it work?

The Google Cloud SDK is a set of command-line utilities. This is for the development of Google's cloud. With these tools, we can use the command line to access big queries, cloud storage, compute Engines, and other services. Client libraries and API libraries are included as well. These tools and frameworks let us interact with Virtual Machine instances, as well as manage computer engine networks, storage, and firewalls.

 

8) Describe the concept of service accounts.

Accounts that are dedicated to a project are known as service accounts. Compute Engine will employ service accounts to do operations on the user's behalf, giving the user access to non-sensitive data and information. These accounts are in charge of the authorization system.

Making it easy for users to authenticate Google Cloud Engine with other services. It's important to understand that service accounts can't access user information. While Google provides several service accounts, consumers prefer the following two types of service accounts:

Accounts for GCE services
Google Cloud Platform is a cloud computing platform developed by Google. Accounts for console services

 

9) What is a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)?
The term VPC stands for Virtual Private Cloud. This is a virtual network that connects Google Kubernetes Engine clusters, compute Engine VM instances and a variety of other resources. The VPC provides a lot of control over how workloads connect globally or regionally. A single VPC may serve several regions without having to communicate over the Internet.

10) What is Google App Engine, and how does it work?

Google App Engine is a Platform as a Service offering that provides scalable services to web application developers and companies. The developers may use this to create and deploy a fully managed platform, as well as scale it as needed. PHP, Java, Go, C#, Python,.Net, and Node.js are among the prominent programming languages supported. It also offers versatility.

 

11) What is load balancing and how does it work?
Load balancing is a mechanism for managing requests that distributes computing resources and workloads within a cloud-based computing environment. Because the workload is properly controlled through resource allocation, it gives a high return on investment at lower costs. It makes use of the concepts of agility and scalability to increase the available resources as needed. It also functions as a health check for the cloud app. This capability is accessible from all major cloud providers, including Google Cloud Platform, Amazon Web Services, and Microsoft Azure.

 

12) What is the difference between a Google Cloud Storage bucket and a Google Cloud Storage account?

Buckets are the fundamental storage units for data. We can arrange the data and grant control access using buckets. The bucket has a one-of-a-kind name around the world. The location where the content is stored is referred to as a geographic location. There is a default storage class that is applied to objects that do not have a storage class specified and are added to the bucket. It is possible to create or delete an unlimited number of buckets.

 

13) What does the term "BigQuery" imply?
Google Cloud Platform offers BigQuery, a warehouse service. With an integrated machine learning and in-memory data analysis engine, it is a cost-effective and highly scalable offering. It allows us to analyze data in real-time and generate analytical reports utilizing a data analysis engine. External data sources like object storage, transactional databases, and spreadsheets are handled by BigQuery.

 

14) What is Object Versioning, and how does it work?
Object versioning is a technique for recovering items that have been overwritten or erased. Versioning objects raises storage costs, but it protects object security when they are replaced or erased. When object versioning is enabled in the GCP bucket, anytime an object is removed or overwritten, a non-common version of the object is created. Identifying characteristics Generation and meta generation are two types of object versions. The term "generation" refers to the creation of content, whereas "meta generation" refers to the creation of metadata.

 

15) What is Google Cloud Messaging, and how does it work?
Google Cloud Messaging, commonly known as Firebase, is a free cross-platform notification service that allows us to send and receive messages and notifications. We can send messages or notify customer applications or send messages to encourage user re-engagement using this solution. It gives us the capacity to send multi-purpose messages to individual devices, subscribing devices, or a group of devices.

 

16) What is serverless computing, and how does it work?
The cloud service provider will have a server in the cloud that runs and manages the resource allocation dynamically in Serverless computing. The provider provides the necessary infrastructure so that the user can focus on their work without having to worry about their hardware. Users are required to pay for the resources they consume. It will streamline the code distribution process while removing all maintenance and scalability concerns for users. Utility computing is a term used to describe this type of computing.

 

17) What types of cloud computing development models are available?
There are four different cloud computing development models to choose from:

Public Cloud: Anyone with a subscription can use this type of cloud. The public has access to resources such as the operating system, RAM, CPU, and storage.

A private cloud is a type of infrastructure that can only be accessed by a company and not by the general public. When compared to public clouds, these are frequently more expensive to develop.

Hybrid Cloud: This infrastructure makes use of both public and private clouds. It is used by many organizations to quickly expand their resources when they are needed.

Community Cloud: In this concept, numerous organizations pool their resources and create a pool that is only accessible to members of the community.

 

18) What are the cloud's security concerns?
Here are a few of the most critical features of cloud security.

Access control: It enables users to restrict other users' access to the cloud ecosystem.

 

Identity management: It allows application services to be authorized.

 

Authorization and authentication: It restricts access to apps and data to only those who are authorized and authenticated.

 

19) How is on-demand functionality provided by cloud computing?

Cloud computing as technology was created to provide on-demand features to all of its users at any time and from any location. It has achieved this goal because of recent advancements and the ease of application availability, such as Google Cloud. The files will be seen by any Google Cloud user. If you're connected to the Internet, you may access your data in the cloud at any time, on any device, from anywhere.

 

20) What are the benefits of using APIs in the cloud?
The API has the following important advantages over the cloud domain:

You don't need to write the full program.
It's simple to transfer data from one app to another.
Creating apps and connecting them to cloud services is simple.

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Top 30 DevOps Interview Questions & Answers (2022 Update)

Top 30 DevOps Interview Questions & Answers (2022 Update)

Top 30 DevOps Interview Questions & Answers (2022 Update)

1) Explain what DevOps is?
It is a newly emerging term in the IT field, which is nothing but a practice that emphasizes the collaboration and communication of both software developers and deployment(operations) team. It focuses on delivering software product faster and lowering the failure rate of releases.

 

2) Mention what the key aspects or principle behind DevOps are?
The key aspects or principle behind DevOps is
Infrastructure as code
Continuous deployment
Automation
Monitoring
Security

 

3) What are the core operations of DevOps with application development and with infrastructure?
The core operations of DevOps are
Application development
Code building
Code coverage
Unit testing
Packaging
Deployment
Infrastructure
Provisioning
Configuration
Orchestration
Deployment

 

4) Explain how “Infrastructure code” is processed or executed in AWS?
In AWS,
The code for infrastructure will be in simple JSON format
This JSON code will be organized into files called templates
This templates can be deployed on AWS devops and then managed as stacks
Later the CloudFormation service will do the Creating, deleting, updating, etc. operation in the stack

 

5) Explain which scripting language is most important for a DevOps engineer?
A simpler scripting language will be better for a DevOps engineer. Python seems to be very popular.

 

6) Explain how DevOps is helpful to developers?
DevOps can be helpful to developers to fix the bug and implement new features quickly. It also helps for clearer communication between the team members.

7) List out some popular tools for DevOps?
Some of the popular tools for DevOps are
Jenkins
Nagios
Monit
ELK
(Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)
Jenkins
Docker
Ansible
Git

8) Mention at what instance have you used the SSH?
I have used SSH to log into a remote machine and work on the command line. Beside this, I have also used it to tunnel into the system in order to facilitate secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network.

 

9) Explain how you would handle revision (version) control?
My approach to handling revision control would be to post the code on SourceForge or GitHub so everyone can view it. Also, I will post the checklist from the last revision to make sure that any unsolved issues are resolved.

 

10) What are the types of Http requests?
The types of Http requests are
GET
HEAD
PUT
POST
PATCH
DELETE
TRACE
CONNECT
OPTIONS

 

11) Explain what you would check If a Linux-build-server suddenly starts getting slow?
If a Linux-build-server suddenly starts getting slow, you will check for the following three things
Application Level troubleshooting
RAM related issues, Disk I/O read-write issues, Disk Space related Issues, etc.
System Level troubleshooting
Check for Application log file OR application server log file, system performance issues, Web Server Log — check HTTP, tomcat lo, jboss, or WebLogic logs to see if the application server response/receive time is the issues for slowness, Memory Leak of any application
Dependent Services troubleshooting
Antivirus related issues, Firewall related issues, Network issues, SMTP server response time issues, etc.

 

12) What are the key components of DevOps?
The most important components of DevOps are:
Continuous Integration
Continuous Testing
Continuous Delivery
Continuous Monitoring

 

13) Name a few cloud platform which are used for DevOps Implementation
Popular Cloud computing platform used for DevOps implementation are:
Google Cloud
Amazon Web Services
Microsoft Azure

 

14) Give some benefits of using Version Control system
The version Control system allows team members to work freely on any file at any time.
All the past versions and variants are closely packed up inside the VCS.
A distributed VCS like helps you to store the complete history of the project so in case of a breakdown in the central server you can use your team member’s local Git repository.
Allows you to see what exact changes are made in the file’s content

 

15) Explain Git Bisect
Git bisect helps you to find the commit which introduced a bug using binary search.

16) What is the build?
A build is a method in which the source code is put together to check whether it works as a single unit. In the build creation process, the source code will undergo compilation, inspection, testing, and deployment.

17) What is Puppet?
Puppet is a useful project management tool. It helps you to automate administration tasks.

18) Explain two-factor authentication
Two-factor authentication is a security method in which the user provides two ways of identification from separate categories.

19) Explain the term ‘Canary Release’.
A canary release is a pattern which reduces the risk of introducing a new version software into the production environment. It is done by making it available in a controlled manner to a subset of the user. Before making it available to the complete user set.

20) What types of testing is important to ensure that new service is ready for production?
You need to conduct continuous testing to ensure that the new service is ready for production.

21) What is Vagrant?
A vagrant is a tool which can create and manage virtualized environments for testing and developing software.

22) What is the use of PTR in DNS?
Pointer record which is also known as (PTR) is used for reverse DNS lookup.

23) What is Chef?
It is a powerful automation platform which transforms infrastructure into code. In this tool, you can use write scripts that are used to automate processes.

24) What are the prerequisites for the implementation of DevOps?
Following are the useful prerequisites for DevOps Implementation:
At least one Version Control Software
Proper communication between the team members
Automated testing
Automated deployment

25) Name some best practices which should be followed for DevOps success.
Here, are essential best practices for DevOps implementation:
The speed of delivery means time taken for any task to get them into the production environment.
Track how many defects are found in the various
It’s important to measure the actual or the average time that it takes to recover in case of a failure in the production environment.
The number of bugs being reported by the customer also impact the quality of the application.

26) Explain SubGIt tool
SubGit helps you to migrate SVN to Git. It also allows you to build a writable Git mirror of a local or remote Subversion repository.

27) Name some important network monitoring tools
Some most prominent network monitoring tools are:
Splunk
Icinga 2
Wireshark
Nagios
OpenNMS

28) Whether your video card can run Unity how would you know?
When you use a command
/usr/lib/Linux/unity_support_test-p
it will give detailed output about Unity’s requirements, and if they are met, then your video card can run unity.

29) Explain how to enable startup sound in Ubuntu?
To enable startup sound
Click control gear and then click on Startup Applications
In the Startup Application Preferences window, click Add to add an entry
Then fill the information in comment boxes like Name, Command, and Comment
/usr/bin/canberra-gtk-play—id= "desktop-login"—description= "play login sound"
Logout and then login once you are done
You can also open it with shortcut key Ctrl+Alt+T.

30) What is the quickest way to open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory?
To open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory, you can use a custom keyboard shortcut.
To do that, in the command field of a new custom keyboard, type genome — terminal — — working — directory = /path/to/dir.

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